Breaking down in a vehicle can be a very worrying experience for drivers – and can also be a dangerous one. Each year, hundreds of people lose their life or suffer serious injuries while working or stopped at the roadside or on the motorway hard shoulder. On the hard shoulder alone, around 250 people are killed or injured each year. This is why it is vital that all drivers and passengers know what to do in the event of a breakdown.
General breakdown procedures
1. If you break down, avoid stopping in a dangerous place if at all possible, such as on a roundabout, round a corner or over a brow. If you can keep driving safely for a short distance, drop your speed to dead slow, use your hazard lights and try to pull off the road completely or pull over on a straight bit of road.
2. If you have to stop on a road, display your emergency triangle at least 45 metres behind your vehicle (but don’t do this on a motorway as it’s dangerous).
3. If you have to stop on a road, do not attempt to fix your vehicle yourself. Call your breakdown service.
4. If you are involved in a crash that obstructs the highway, is serious or involves injuries, call the emergency services as soon as possible. If you are trained in first aid, provide appropriate help to anyone who is hurt. If you are not sure what to do wait for the paramedics.
Motorway breakdown procedures
According to a survey carried out by Direct Line Breakdown in October 2005, over a million drivers had broken down on a motorway during the previous 12 months. These breakdowns had resulted in more than 94,000 collisions or near misses on the hard shoulder.
In a breakdown situation, the most important thing for drivers to consider is the safety of themselves and other road users. If your vehicle develops a problem on the motorway:
1. Leave the motorway at the next available exit if possible and stop at the service area.
2. If the problem requires you to stop immediately, pull onto the hard shoulder and stop with the wheels turned to the left away from passing traffic.
3. Park as close to the left as possible and try to stop near an emergency phone if you can.
4. Put on your hazard lights to ensure other drivers know you are there.
5. NEVER attempt repairs yourself on the hard shoulder. If your car develops a problem and you think you can fix it, continue to a service station, or leave the motorway and find a safe place to stop away from moving traffic before attempting the repair.
FACT! More than one in four (28%) men will attempt to fix their car on the hard shoulder.
Calling for help
If possible, use the nearest emergency phone. Blue and white marker posts show the direction of the nearest phone. The phones connect directly to the police control centre, and are numbered so that you can be easily located.
Waiting for help
Waiting for help can be very dangerous – one in ten motorway crashes involve vehicles parked on the hard shoulder.
If you must stop on the hard shoulder:
Even if it’s cold or rainy, get out of the vehicle – it is dangerous to wait inside as you are at risk of being hit from the rear at high speed by passing cars. Put your coat on and get out while you still can.
Make sure yourself and all passengers exit the vehicle on the left-hand side. If you get out on the right-hand side you will be dangerously close to passing traffic. Anything on the hard shoulder within half a metre of the white line stands a high risk of being struck by passing traffic.
Walk off the road – that means up the embankment if there is one, or climb over the crash barrier into a field if that’s possible.
NEVER try to cross lanes to the other side of the motorway. This is lethal.
Make sure pets are left securely inside the car to prevent them running out in front of the passing traffic.
Anyone who is unable to leave the vehicle – for example, someone with severe mobility problems - should wait inside the vehicle with the seatbelt securely fastened and all the doors locked.
FACT! More than one in ten (14%) drivers impulsively exit from the driver’s door when they are stopped on the motorway hard shoulder, rather than correctly exiting from the passenger door.
Women alone at night may feel uneasy about getting out of the car, but statistically they are at far greater risk of being hit by another vehicle while waiting in the car than of being attacked by someone.
FACT! More than one in five (21%) drivers will wait for breakdown recovery next to or inside their vehicle, and over a third (35%) believe that’s the correct place to wait.
There are only three instances where stopping on the hard shoulder is allowed: In a breakdown
In an emergency
If told to stop by the police
This is because it is not a safe place to wait. Research carried out by the police showed that it could take as little as 10 seconds after stopping on the hard shoulder for a vehicle to be hit by passing traffic. Therefore you must never use the hard shoulder to use your mobile phone, read a map, go to the toilet, ask for directions or stop for a break.
Penalties
Drivers caught incorrectly using the hard shoulder can receive anything from a police caution to disqualification and/ or penalty points. In extreme cases, where a driver’s actions have caused a fatal crash, a prison sentence of up to fourteen years for causing death by dangerous driving may be given.
Avoid breaking down
While it is impossible to be certain you will never break down, there are certain things you can do to minimise the chance of it happening. The majority of breakdowns are due to poor vehicle maintenance and could have been avoided.
Drivers should make sure they have their vehicle serviced regularly (in line with the manufacturer’s requirements) and should make routine checks to their vehicle including checking wipers and tyres are in good condition and that water levels are adequate.
FAULTY BATTERIES ARE THE NUMBER ONE CAUSE OF BREAKDOWNS, SO GET YOUR BATTERY CHECKED BEFORE COLD WEATHER SETS IN. MANY GARAGES OFFER CHECKS FREE OF CHARGE.
Although it is possible for any vehicle to break down, it is worth investing in a reliable one – it is not worth taking chances with your life by travelling miles in an old banger. If you are thinking of buying a new vehicle, it is worth doing a bit of research into its reliability. Unreliable cars are costing UK motorists an estimated 680 million because of breakdowns.
Be prepared
Although you might not want to imagine having a breakdown, being prepared is much safer and could even be life-saving. Some basic tips are:
Carry a mobile phone so that once you have stopped in a safe place you can call immediately for help (but use a roadside phone on a motorway if possible)
Carry a map so that you can easily explain where you are when calling for help
Put together an emergency kit which you keep in your car. This should include items such as a torch, a warning triangle, warm clothes, a blanket, reflective jacket or vest.
Source: Excerpts from Brake website 24/01/08
Any comments from members of BADDIA (Bedford and District Driving Instructors Association) giving driving lessons in the Bedford area?